Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

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Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
In office
October 29, 1923 – November 10, 1938
Succeeded by İsmet İnönü
In office
3 May 1920 – 24 January 1921
Succeeded by Fevzi Çakmak
Born 1881
Thessaloniki (Θεσσαλονίκη in greek)
Died November 10, 1938
Dolmabahçe Palace, Constantinople
Nationality Turkish
Political party Republican People's Party
Spouse Latife Uşaklıgil (1923-1925)

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was the first President of the Republic of Turkey and the anti-imperialist leader of Turkey until his death in 1938.

Mustafa Kemal was born on May 19 1881. His birth place was Thessaloniki (now Θεσσαλονίκη in Greece). He was given the name Atatürk (Father of All Turks) later. His father's name was Ali Rıza Efendi. His mother's name was Zübeyde Hanım. He also had a sister whose name was Makbule (Atadan).

When the Ottoman Empire collapsed after the First World War, Atatürk organised the Nationalist movement that established the modern secular Republic of Turkey. Visitors to Turkey are often surprised by the importance given to Atatürk in present-day Turkey.

In fact few countries have such a person in their history. Not only was he a successful military commander, but he established a democratic constitution and put in place reforms that set Turkey on the road to becoming a modern, developed nation.

His six principles still serve today as a sign post for establishing a democratic government:

  1. Republicanism: Replacing the hereditary monarchy with an elected parliament.
  2. Nationalism: Citizens working together with pride in a common interest.
  3. Secularism: Separating religion from government.
  4. Populism: The equality of all citizens before the law.
  5. Reformism: A constant process of development and modernisation.
  6. Etatism: An economic system combining private enterprise with government funded monopolies of large industries
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